US, North Korea Begin Talks on Normalizing Relations

By David Gollust Washington 05 March 2007

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U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill

Senior U.S. and North Korean diplomats have begun landmark talks in New York on normalizing relations as part of the agreement under which Pyongyang has agreed to scrap its nuclear program. U.S. officials say they will press for a full disclosure of all North Korean nuclear projects including a disputed uranium-enrichment effort. VOA's David Gollust reports from the State Department.

美国和朝鲜的高级外交官员将在纽约会晤，就两国关系正常化开始为期两天的会谈，这是平壤同意放弃其核项目而签署的协议的部分内容。美国官员表示，他们将敦促朝鲜公布包括一项有争议的浓缩铀提炼项目在内的所有朝鲜核项目。

The talks beginning late Monday at the U.S. mission to the United Nations are the highest-level U.S.-North Korean meeting on American soil since 2000, when Pyongyang sent a senior envoy to Washington near the end of the Clinton administration.

星期一晚上，在联合国的美国使团开始的这次会谈将是2000年以来美国和朝鲜在美国的国土上举行的最高级别的会谈，2000年，在克林顿政府任期即将届满时，平壤向华盛顿派出一名高级特使。

U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill and North Korean Vice Foreign Minister Kim Kye-Kwan will be setting up a working group intended to open the way to normalization of relations under the nuclear deal reached last month in Beijing.

按照上个月在北京签署的核协议，美国助理国务卿克里斯托弗·希尔和朝鲜副外相金桂冠将设立一个为两国关系正常化铺平道路的工作组。

The February 13 agreement at the Chinese-sponsored six-party talks obligates North Korea to shut down its main nuclear facility at Yongbyon within 60 days in exchange for 50,000 tons of fuel oil.

2月13号由中国主持的六方会谈签署的这个协议要求朝鲜在60天内关闭其在宁边的主要核设施，以换取5万吨燃油。

Over the long term in the multi-stage accord, North Korea is to declare and irreversibly end all aspects of its nuclear program for a million tons of oil or equivalent aid and other benefits including normal relations with Washington.

在这项多阶段的协定中的一项长期目标是，朝鲜交代并不可逆转地停止所有核项目，以换取一百万吨的石油和相当于这些能源的援助以及包括与美国关系正常化的其它好处。

North Korea conducted a nuclear test last October with a device intelligence officials believe was made from plutonium harvested from the Yongbyon reactor. But the United States believes North Korea also had a parallel enriched-uranium project and admitted its existence during a visit by a U.S. envoy in 2002.

去年10月，朝鲜试验了一个核装置，情报官员认为，它是由宁边核反应堆生产的钚制成的。但是美国认为，朝鲜过去还拥有一个提炼浓缩铀的平行核项目，2002年一位美国特使访问朝鲜时，朝鲜承认有这个项目。

In a talk with reporters, State Department spokesman Sean McCormack reiterated a statement by Assistant Secretary Hill on Sunday that North Korea needs to account for, and eliminate, all aspects of its nuclear program including the uranium project:

美国国务院发言人麦科马克在与记者交谈时重申美国助理国务卿希尔星期天发表的一项声明，朝鲜需要说明并且消除包括浓缩铀项目在内的所有的核项目。

"I refer you to the intelligence community for their assessment of the state and nature of that H.E.U. [highly-enriched uranium] program, but none-the-less we believe there is one," he said. "The North Koreans have admitted to one and they, in the process of denuclearization, would need to come clean on that program and eventually dismantle that program, along with their other nuclear programs."

他说：“我请你们注意情报部门对这项高浓度提炼的浓缩铀项目的情况和特点的评估，但是我们依然认为有这样一个项目。朝鲜已经承认有一个这样的项目，在实现无核化的过程中，他们必须交代这个项目，最终拆除这个项目以及其它核项目。”

After the October 2002 visit by U.S. envoy James Kelly, North Korea denied having an

Six-Party Talks participants in Beijing, 13 Feb 2007

enriched-uranium bomb project, and a senior intelligence official told Congress earlier this month U.S. officials are not highly-confident North Korea ever produced uranium suitable for a bomb.

在2002年10月美国特使詹姆斯·凯利访问朝鲜后，朝鲜否认拥有一个浓缩铀的核武器项目。这个月早些时候，一位高级情报官员对国会说，美国官员并不确信朝鲜曾经生产过能够用来制造核武器的金属铀。

Assistant Secretary Hill, who was chief U.S. envoy to the six-party talks, says the working group he will set up with his North Korean counterpart will establish an agenda for normalizing relations, including what will be required for removing North Korea from the U.S. list of state sponsors of terrorism.

曾经担任六方会谈美国首席代表的助理国务卿希尔说，他与朝鲜方面将要建立的这个工作组将设定一个关系正常化的日程，内容包括美国为了把朝鲜从支持恐怖主义国家的名单上去除，朝鲜需要做的事情。

North Korea has been listed as a terrorism sponsor since 1988 but the State Department said in its most recent annual report on the issue that Pyongyang is not known to have sponsored any terrorist acts since the bombing of a South Korean airliner in 1987.

自1998年以来，朝鲜一直被美国列在支持恐怖主义的国家的名单上，但是，美国国务院在就这一问题所做的最新年度报告中表示，自从1987年一架韩国客机被炸毁以来，并不知道平壤支持过任何恐怖活动。

The February 13 six-party accord has come under criticism from U.S. conservatives, notably John Bolton of the American Enterprise Institute, who until late last year was U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations.

2月13日的六方会谈也受到来自美国保守派的批评，特别是来自美国企业研究所的约翰·博尔顿，这位直至去年时任美国驻联合国大使的批评。

In a Wall Street Journal commentary, Bolton faulted the deal for relying excessively on the International Atomic Energy Agency for verification of North Korean compliance.

博尔顿在华尔街日报评论中指出，此项协议过分依赖由国际原子能机构核查朝鲜的遵守情况。

He said North Korea's record of what he termed "aggressive mendacity" requires the most intrusive of verification systems and that if the current approach is followed, in his words, an "already bad deal will become a dangerous deal."

他称朝鲜的信用记录是“侵略性谎言”，其最需要的是更强制的审查机构。如果按照目前的做法是，用他的话说是一个“已经坏了的交易将成为危险的交易”。

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最后一句感觉翻得不好，没有资料借鉴，政治题材难，请大家来讨论下。

Tips：
美国企业研究所全称为美国企业公共政策研究所(American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research,AEI),是美国最大和最重要的思想库之一,也是美国保守派的重要政策研究机构.在20世纪,它与布鲁金斯学会并称为美国华盛顿的"两大思想库",有"保守的布鲁金斯"之称.该所的保守立场使之与共和党渊源较深,曾被称为共和党的"流亡政府"和"影子内阁".近年来,其立场有向中间靠拢的趋势,对国会和政府的影响力也在逐渐增强.
PS：我找到的中文资料不多，希望大家补充。

Article From Wikipedia：

The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research (AEI) is a conservative think tank, founded in 1943, whose stated mission is "to defend the principles and improve the institutions of American freedom and democratic capitalism — limited government, private enterprise, individual liberty and responsibility, vigilant and effective defense and foreign policies, political accountability, and open debate." AEI labels itself as an independent nonprofit organization. It is supported primarily by grants and contributions from foundations, corporations, and individuals.

Like most think tanks that maintain non-profit status under the federal tax code, AEI is officially nonpartisan and takes no institutional positions on pending legislation or other policy questions.

AEI has emerged as one of the leading architects of the second Bush administration's public policy. More than two dozen AEI alumni have served either in a Bush administration policy post or on one of the government's many panels and commissions. AEI, along with the more conservative Heritage Foundation, is often cited as a center-right counterpart to the center-left Brookings Institution. In 1998, AEI and Brookings established the AEI-Brookings Joint Center for Regulatory Studies.